Centos7安装Kubernetes 1.27.2

目录

一、准备工作

二、容器运行时

三、安装kubelet 、kubeadm、 kubectl

四、配置CNI

五、安装nginx

---

一、准备工作

1、更新yum源安装 vim、net-tools等工具（每个节点都执行）

1.  
    yum update -y
2.  
     yum install vim -y
3.  
     yum install net-tools -y

2、配置每个节点的网络，然后能互相ping通（每个节点上都要执行）

1.  
   vi /etc/hosts
2.  
    
3.  
   192.168.178.141 master
4.  
   192.168.178.150 node1
5.  
   192.168.178.151 node2

3、安装时间插件，保证每个节点时间一致（每个节点上都要执行）

1.  
   yum install -y chrony
2.  
   systemctl start chronyd
3.  
   systemctl enable chronyd

4、关闭防火墙（这里为了省事，生产环境请开放相应的端口，每个节点都执行）

systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

5、禁用swap分区（每个节点都执行）

sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab

6、禁用SELINUX（每个节点上都要执行）

sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  && setenforce 0

7、转发 IPv4 并让 iptables 看到桥接流量

1.  
   cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
2.  
   overlay
3.  
   br_netfilter
4.  
   EOF
5.  
    
6.  
   sudo modprobe overlay
7.  
   sudo modprobe br_netfilter
8.  
    
9.  
   # 设置所需的 sysctl 参数，参数在重新启动后保持不变
10.  
    cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
11.  
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
12.  
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
13.  
    net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
14.  
    EOF
15.  
     
16.  
    # 应用 sysctl 参数而不重新启动
17.  
    sudo sysctl --system
18.  
     
19.  
     
20.  
    #检查模块是否被加载
21.  
    lsmod | grep br_netfilter
22.  
    lsmod | grep overlay
23.  
     
24.  
    #检查是否设置成功
25.  
    sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables net.ipv4.ip_forward

8、 配置ipvs功能（每个节点上都要执行）

1.  
   #安装
2.  
   yum install ipset ipvsadm -y
3.  
   #配置
4.  
   cat <<EOF > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
5.  
   #!/bin/bash
6.  
   modprobe -- ip_vs
7.  
   modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
8.  
   modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
9.  
   modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
10.  
    modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
11.  
    EOF
12.  
    #授权
13.  
    chmod x /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
14.  
    #执行
15.  
    sh x /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
16.  
    #查看
17.  
    lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack_ipv4

9、重启服务器让SELINUX生效

reboot -h now

二、容器运行时

 k8s支持4中容器运行时，这里介绍containerd方式安装。(每个节点都要安装)

1.  
   # 添加docker源
2.  
   curl -L -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
3.  
   # 安装containerd
4.  
   yum install -y containerd.io
5.  
   # 创建默认配置文件
6.  
   containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml
7.  
   # 设置aliyun地址，不设置会连接不上, 如果无法下载镜像检查一下配置是否替换 cat /etc/containerd/config.toml |grep sandbox_image
8.  
   sed -i "s#registry.k8s.io/pause#registry.aliyuncs.com/谷歌_containers/pause#g" /etc/containerd/config.toml
9.  
   # 设置驱动为systemd
10.  
    sed -i 's/SystemdCgroup = false/SystemdCgroup = true/g' /etc/containerd/config.toml
11.  
    # 设置docker地址为aliyun镜像地址
12.  
    sed -i '/\[plugins\."io\.containerd\.grpc\.v1\.cri"\.registry\.mirrors\]/a\ [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."docker.io"]\n endpoint = ["https://3kcpregv.mirror.aliyuncs.com" ,"https://registry-1.docker.io"]' /etc/containerd/config.toml
13.  
     
14.  
    # 重启服务
15.  
    systemctl daemon-reload
16.  
    systemctl enable --now containerd
17.  
    systemctl restart containerd

三、安装kubelet 、kubeadm、 kubectl

1、安装Crictl

1.  
   cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
2.  
   [kubernetes]
3.  
   name=Kubernetes
4.  
   baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
5.  
   enabled=1
6.  
   gpgcheck=1
7.  
   repo_gpgcheck=1
8.  
   gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
9.  
   EOF
10.  
     
11.  
    setenforce 0
12.  
     
13.  
    # 安装crictl工具
14.  
    yum install -y cri-tools
15.  
    # 生成配置文件
16.  
    crictl config runtime-endpoint
17.  
    # 编辑配置文件
18.  
    cat << EOF | tee /etc/crictl.yaml
19.  
    runtime-endpoint: "unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock"
20.  
    image-endpoint: "unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock"
21.  
    timeout: 10
22.  
    debug: false
23.  
    pull-image-on-create: false
24.  
    disable-pull-on-run: false
25.  
    EOF
26.  
     
27.  
    # 查看是否安装成功,和docker命令差不多
28.  
    crictl info
29.  
    crictl images

2、安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl

1.  
   yum install --setopt=obsoletes=0 kubelet-1.27.2-0 kubeadm-1.27.2-0 kubectl-1.27.2-0 -y
2.  
    
3.  
   systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

3、节点初始化（仅在master节点执行）

1.  
   kubeadm init \
2.  
   --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.178.141 \
3.  
   --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/谷歌_containers \
4.  
   --kubernetes-version v1.27.2 \
5.  
   --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \
6.  
   --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
7.  
   --ignore-preflight-errors=all

 如果报错执行重置命令

1.  
   kubeadm reset
2.  
    
3.  
   rm -fr ~/.kube/ /etc/kubernetes/* var/lib/etcd/*

  在master节点执行

1.  
   mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
2.  
   sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
3.  
   sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

 在node节点执行，加入集群

1.  
   kubeadm join 192.168.178.141:6443 --token 2jm0vf.l3xyduayvig5w9cv \
2.  
   --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:379185fe826631b65fb41bc8d57665742e8cffc0736552cf06dc5423c7e80c41

四、配置CNI

1、创建kube-flannel.yml(master节点执行）

1.  
   cat > kube-flannel.yml << EOF
2.  
   ---
3.  
   kind: Namespace
4.  
   apiVersion: v1
5.  
   metadata:
6.  
   name: kube-flannel
7.  
   labels:
8.  
   pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: privileged
9.  
   ---
10.  
    kind: ClusterRole
11.  
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
12.  
    metadata:
13.  
    name: flannel
14.  
    rules:
15.  
    - apiGroups:
16.  
    - ""
17.  
    resources:
18.  
    - pods
19.  
    verbs:
20.  
    - get
21.  
    - apiGroups:
22.  
    - ""
23.  
    resources:
24.  
    - nodes
25.  
    verbs:
26.  
    - list
27.  
    - watch
28.  
    - apiGroups:
29.  
    - ""
30.  
    resources:
31.  
    - nodes/status
32.  
    verbs:
33.  
    - patch
34.  
    ---
35.  
    kind: ClusterRoleBinding
36.  
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
37.  
    metadata:
38.  
    name: flannel
39.  
    roleRef:
40.  
    apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
41.  
    kind: ClusterRole
42.  
    name: flannel
43.  
    subjects:
44.  
    - kind: ServiceAccount
45.  
    name: flannel
46.  
    namespace: kube-flannel
47.  
    ---
48.  
    apiVersion: v1
49.  
    kind: ServiceAccount
50.  
    metadata:
51.  
    name: flannel
52.  
    namespace: kube-flannel
53.  
    ---
54.  
    kind: ConfigMap
55.  
    apiVersion: v1
56.  
    metadata:
57.  
    name: kube-flannel-cfg
58.  
    namespace: kube-flannel
59.  
    labels:
60.  
    tier: node
61.  
    app: flannel
62.  
    data:
63.  
    cni-conf.json: |
64.  
    {
65.  
    "name": "cbr0",
66.  
    "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
67.  
    "plugins": [
68.  
    {
69.  
    "type": "flannel",
70.  
    "delegate": {
71.  
    "hairpinMode": true,
72.  
    "isDefaultGateway": true
73.  
    }
74.  
    },
75.  
    {
76.  
    "type": "portmap",
77.  
    "capabilities": {
78.  
    "portMappings": true
79.  
    }
80.  
    }
81.  
    ]
82.  
    }
83.  
    net-conf.json: |
84.  
    {
85.  
    "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
86.  
    "Backend": {
87.  
    "Type": "vxlan"
88.  
    }
89.  
    }
90.  
    ---
91.  
    apiVersion: apps/v1
92.  
    kind: DaemonSet
93.  
    metadata:
94.  
    name: kube-flannel-ds
95.  
    namespace: kube-flannel
96.  
    labels:
97.  
    tier: node
98.  
    app: flannel
99.  
    spec:
100.  
     selector:
101.  
     matchLabels:
102.  
     app: flannel
103.  
     template:
104.  
     metadata:
105.  
     labels:
106.  
     tier: node
107.  
     app: flannel
108.  
     spec:
109.  
     affinity:
110.  
     nodeAffinity:
111.  
     requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
112.  
     nodeSelectorTerms:
113.  
     - matchExpressions:
114.  
     - key: kubernetes.io/os
115.  
     operator: In
116.  
     values:
117.  
     - linux
118.  
     hostNetwork: true
119.  
     priorityClassName: system-node-critical
120.  
     tolerations:
121.  
     - operator: Exists
122.  
     effect: NoSchedule
123.  
     serviceAccountName: flannel
124.  
     initContainers:
125.  
     - name: install-cni-plugin
126.  
     #image: flannelcni/flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0 for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
127.  
     image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0
128.  
     command:
129.  
     - cp
130.  
     args:
131.  
     - -f
132.  
     - /flannel
133.  
     - /opt/cni/bin/flannel
134.  
     volumeMounts:
135.  
     - name: cni-plugin
136.  
     mountPath: /opt/cni/bin
137.  
     - name: install-cni
138.  
     #image: flannelcni/flannel:v0.19.0 for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
139.  
     image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.0
140.  
     command:
141.  
     - cp
142.  
     args:
143.  
     - -f
144.  
     - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
145.  
     - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
146.  
     volumeMounts:
147.  
     - name: cni
148.  
     mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
149.  
     - name: flannel-cfg
150.  
     mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
151.  
     containers:
152.  
     - name: kube-flannel
153.  
     #image: flannelcni/flannel:v0.19.0 for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
154.  
     image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.0
155.  
     command:
156.  
     - /opt/bin/flanneld
157.  
     args:
158.  
     - --ip-masq
159.  
     - --kube-subnet-mgr
160.  
     resources:
161.  
     requests:
162.  
     cpu: "100m"
163.  
     memory: "50Mi"
164.  
     limits:
165.  
     cpu: "100m"
166.  
     memory: "50Mi"
167.  
     securityContext:
168.  
     privileged: false
169.  
     capabilities:
170.  
     add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
171.  
     env:
172.  
     - name: POD_NAME
173.  
     valueFrom:
174.  
     fieldRef:
175.  
     fieldPath: metadata.name
176.  
     - name: POD_NAMESPACE
177.  
     valueFrom:
178.  
     fieldRef:
179.  
     fieldPath: metadata.namespace
180.  
     - name: EVENT_QUEUE_DEPTH
181.  
     value: "5000"
182.  
     volumeMounts:
183.  
     - name: run
184.  
     mountPath: /run/flannel
185.  
     - name: flannel-cfg
186.  
     mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
187.  
     - name: xtables-lock
188.  
     mountPath: /run/xtables.lock
189.  
     volumes:
190.  
     - name: run
191.  
     hostPath:
192.  
     path: /run/flannel
193.  
     - name: cni-plugin
194.  
     hostPath:
195.  
     path: /opt/cni/bin
196.  
     - name: cni
197.  
     hostPath:
198.  
     path: /etc/cni/net.d
199.  
     - name: flannel-cfg
200.  
     configMap:
201.  
     name: kube-flannel-cfg
202.  
     - name: xtables-lock
203.  
     hostPath:
204.  
     path: /run/xtables.lock
205.  
     type: FileOrCreate
206.  
     EOF

2、执行

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

3、查看node节点（等待1-2分钟）

kubectl get nodes

五、安装nginx

1、在master执行如下命令

kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx

2、暴露端口

kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort

3、查看运行的服务

kubectl get pods,service

 4、访问nginx

ip 31201

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36765991/article/details/128702891

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